Seed Science Research 15: 281-307 (2005)
Plant hormone interactions during seed dormancy release and germination
Department of Plant Pathology and Crop Physiology, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, 302 Life Sciences Building, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, U.S.A. (M.A.C.)
Received 27 May 2005; accepted after revision 27 August 2005
| Hormone | Mutant classa | Species | Gene/locusb | Protein functionc | Mutantd or transgenic line | Dominancee | Mutant seed dormancy | Select. other mutant seed effects | References f |
| ABA | Deficiency | A. thaliana | ABA1 | ABA biosynthesis | aba1-1 | R | Reduced | Vivipary | 13, 24, 26, 27 |
| L. esculentum | NOT | ABA biosynthesis | not | R | Reduced | Vivipary | 13, 19, 54 | ||
| L. esculentum | SITW | ABA biosynthesis | sitW | R | Reduced | Vivipary | 13, 19, 54 | ||
| Z. mays | VP14 | Carotinoid cleavage, ABA biosynthesis | vp14 | R | Reduced | Vivipary | 31, 55 | ||
| N. tabacum | Anti-ABA antibody | Reduced | 42 | ||||||
| N. plumbaginifolia | ABA2 | ABA biosynthesis | aba2 | R | Reduced | Vivipary | 14, 15, 34 | ||
| N. plumbaginifolia | ABA biosynthesis | antisense-ABA2 | D | Reduced | Vivipary | 14, 15, 34 | |||
| Overproduction | A. thaliana | CYP707A | ABA degradation | cyp707a2 | R | Enhanced | 27 | ||
| N. plumbaginifolia | ABA2 | ABA biosynthesis | sense-ABA2 | D | Enhanced | 14 | |||
| Insensitivity | A. thaliana | ABI1 | Ser/Thr protein phosphatases 2C (PP2C) |
abi1-1 | SD | Reduced | Reduced ABA sensitivity of germination | 2, 26, 30, 33, 38, 51 | |
| A. thaliana | ABI2 | PP2C | abi2-1 | SD | Reduced | Reduced ABA sensitivity of germination | 2, 26, 30, 33, 38, 51 | ||
| A. thaliana | ABI3 | VP1/ABI3-type B3-domain TF |
abi3 | R | Severely reduced | Reduced ABA sensitivity of germination; reduced seed longevity | 1, 21, 30, 33, 36, 38, 43, 45 | ||
| A. thaliana | ABI4 | AP2/EREBP TF | abi4 | R | Normal | Reduced ABA sensitivity of germination | 3, 12, 39, 48 | ||
| A. thaliana | ABI5 | bZIP TF | abi5 | R | Normal | Reduced ABA sensitivity of germination | 3, 11, 12, 32, 33 | ||
| A. thaliana | ABI8 | ? | abi8 | ? | ? | Reduced ABA sensitivity of germination | 5 | ||
| A. thaliana | RPK1 | Leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinase | rpk1 | R | Reduced (?) | Reduced ABA sensitivity of germination | 39a | ||
| Z. mays | VP1 | VP1/ABI3-type B3-domain TF |
vp1 | R | Reduced | Vivipary | 1, 21, 35, 47 | ||
| Hypersensitivity or constitutive response | A. thaliana | ERA1 | Farnesyl transferase | era1 | R | Enhanced | 2, 8, 16, 46 | ||
| A. thaliana | ERA3 | EIN2 allele | era3 | R | Enhanced | 2, 8, 16, 46 | |||
| A. thaliana | SAD1 | Sm-like snRNP protein | sad1 | R | Enhanced | ABA hyper-sensitive germination | 56 | ||
| A. thaliana | ABH1 | mRNA cap-binding protein | abh1 | R | ? | ABA hyper-sensitive germination | 22 | ||
| GA | Deficiency | A. thaliana | GA1 | GA biosynthesis | ga1 | R | Enhanced | 9, 25, 26, 41, 44, 51 | |
| L. esculentum | GIB-1 | GA biosynthesis | gib-1 | R | Enhanced | 20, 25, 26, 44 | |||
| Insensitivity | A. thaliana | GAI | DELLA-type GRAS TF |
gai gain-of function |
SD | Enhanced | 10, 26, 41, 44 | ||
| A. thaliana | SLY1 | F-box protein | sly1 | R | Enhanced | 41, 50, 51, 57 | |||
| Hypersensitivity or constitutive response | A. thaliana | GAI | DELLA-type GRAS TF |
gai-t6 loss-of function |
R | Reduced | 6, 10, 26, 41, 44 | ||
| RGL2 | DELLA-type GRAS TF |
rgl2 loss-of function |
R | Reduced | 6, 10, 26, 41, 44 | ||||
| A. thaliana | SPY | O-GlcNAc transferase | spy | R | Reduced | 18, 23, 41, 52, 54, 57 | |||
| C2H4 | Insensitivity | A. thaliana | ETR1 | Ethylene receptor | etr1-1 | D | Enhanced | ABA hyper-sensitive germination | 2, 4, 16, 17, 29, 40 |
| A. thaliana | EIN2 | Metal transporter? | ein2 | R | Enhanced | ABA hyper-sensitive germination | 2, 17 | ||
| A. thaliana | EIN3 | TF | ein3 | R | ? | 49 | |||
| Hypersensitivity or constitutive response | A. thaliana | CTR1 | Raf-like protein kinase (MAPKKK) | ctr1 | R | Slightly reduced | Slightly reduced ABA sensitivity of germination | 2, 7, 17, 40 | |
| BR | Deficiency | A. thaliana | DET2 | BR biosynthesis | det2-1 | R | ABA hyper-sensitive germination | 50 | |
| Insensitivity | A. thaliana | BRI1 | BR receptor | bri1-1 | R | ABA hyper-sensitive germination | 28, 50, 53 | ||
| a Four mutant classes either altered in hormone biosynthesis (hormone-deficient mutants, hormone-overproducing mutants) or in hormone response/signal transduction (hormone-insensitive mutants, constitutive response/hormone-hypersensitive mutants). | |||||||||
| b Mutant abbreviations: aba1, aba2=ABA-deficient1, 2; abh1=ABA-hypersensitive1; abi1 to abi8=ABA-insensitive1 to ABA-insensitive8; bri1=Brassinosteriod-insensitive1; ctr1=constitutive triple response1; det2-1=de-etiolated2; ein2, ein3=ethylene insensitive2, 3; era1, era3=enhanced response to ABA1, ABA3; etr1=ethylene resistant1; ga1=GA-deficient1; gai=GA-insensitive; gib-1=GA-deficient-1; not=notabilis; sitW=sitiensW; sly1=sleepy1; spy=spindly; rga=repressor-of-ga1-3; rgl2=rga-like2; rpk1=receptor-like protein kinase1; sad1=supersensitive to ABA and drought; spy=spindly; vp1=viviparous1 | |||||||||
| c TF=transcription factor. | |||||||||
| d In some cases several alleles, in some cases specific alleles, are given. | |||||||||
| e Dominance over wild-type locus: D=dominant, SD=semi-dominant, R=recessive. | |||||||||
| f Selected references: 1, Baumbusch et al. (2004); 2, Beaudoin et al. (2000); 3, Bensmihen et al. (2005); 4, Bleecker et al. (1988); 5, Brocard-Gifford et al. (2004); 6, Cao et al. (2005); 7, Chang (2003); 8, Cutler et al. (1996); 9, Debeaujon and Koornneef (2000); 10, Derkx and Karssen (1993); 11, Finkelstein and Lynch (2000); 12, Finkelstein et al. (2002); 13, Finkelstein et al. (1998); 14, Frey et al. (1999); 15, Frey et al. (2004); 16, Ghassemian et al. (2000); 17, Hall et al. (2001); 18, Hartweck et al. (2002); 19, Hilhorst (1995); 20, Hilhorst and Karssen, 1992; 21, Holdsworth et al. (2001); 22, Hugouvieux et al. (2002); 23, Izhaki et al. (2001); 24, Karssen et al. (1983); 25, Karssen et al. (1989); 26, Koornneef and Karssen (1994); 27, Kushiro et al. (2004); 28, Leubner-Metzger (2001); 29, Leubner-Metzger et al. (1998); 30, Leung and Giraudat (1998); 31, Liotenberg et al. (1999); 32, Lopez-Molina et al. (2001); 33, Lopez-Molina et al. (2003); 34, Marin et al. (1996); 35, McCarty (1995); 36, Nambara et al. (1992); 37, Nambara et al. (1998); 38, Nambara et al. (2002); 39, Ohta et al. (2000); 39a, Osakabe et al. (2005); 40, Ouaked et al. (2003); 41, Peng and Harberd (2002); 42, Phillips et al. (1997); 43, Raz et al. (2001); 44, Richards et al. (2001); 45, Rohde et al. (2000); 46, Ross and O'Neill (2001); 47, Schwechheimer and Bevan (1998); 48, Söderman et al. (2000); 49, Solano et al. (1998); 50, Steber and McCourt (2001); 51, Steber et al. (1998); 52, Swain et al. (2001); 53, Szekeres (2003); 54, Thompson et al. (2000); 55, White et al. (2000); White and Rivin (2000); 56, Xiong et al. (2001); 57, Yamaguchi and Kamiya (2002). | |||||||||
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